Communicative Profiles

Generative Art Applied in Information Access Interfaces

Joanna Kabala, Philips Design, Senior Interaction Designer, +31 40 2744180, joanna.kabala@philips.com

Claudine Conrado, Philips Research, Research Scientist, +31 40 2745276, claudine.conrado@philips.com

Kees van Overveld, Philips Research, Senior Consultant, +31 (0)40 2457953, k.van.overveld@wxs.nl

ABSTRACT

The path of ubiquitous computing and the domain of ambient intelligence are expected to stimulate emergence of new interaction paradigms. There is a need to develop adequate means of natural communication with an intelligent information system. This, presumably, requires a more integrated development of form and function of the interface. The interface design concept proposed in this paper is based on an evolutionary mechanism and it aims at development of an interactive and adaptive animation system. It is proposed that through a coherent process of adaptation of a system functionality and its appropriate visualization, a personalized and more natural experience of interaction might be achieved.

Keywords
natural interaction, ambient intelligence, artificial evolution, interactive animation system, personalization, user experience

INTRODUCTION

Ubiquitous computing brings a new era in which users will be surrounded by many computing devices enabling personalized access to information and services. This path of computing and its domain of ambient intelligence can provide appropriate technologies to release the paradigm of natural interaction between humans and machines. Within a possible application domain of in-home personalized interactive services, humans are seen as a group of people, like a family, a group of friends or a local community, and machine is a system, which is a personalized, adaptive, perceptive, anticipating, and emotional network of products and devices. Ambient intelligence technology will presumably diminish the obtrusiveness of interaction with large amounts of computing devices placed everywhere in the environment. The interaction might become more natural and pleasurable if adequate means of communication will be developed. The appropriate field of experiments is seen in artificial evolution. This is based on understanding of the natural as something born in, lasting and changing over a period of time.
The idea of growing potentially infinite amount of shapes and creating a large variety of user representations within a-life populations is also seen as a possible solution to the problem of personalization of interfaces in a multi-user environment.

EVOLUTIONARY ACCESS INTERFACE
A poetic experience of ambient intelligence
The vision of natural interaction with ambient intelligence goes far beyond the task-actions protocols and can be described as an individual experience of an intelligence existing between a physical and virtual space. Such an experience is built up of personal feelings arising from unique situations and unique mental pictures, which can be compared to the experience of reading and living through a poetry.
Thus an interface which would be able to deliver certain unique, personalized and intuitive experience to a user, should hypothetically have a poetical attribute. A poetical attribute can give an impression of human-likeness which could enable more natural, easy and pleasurable interaction, namely information access. By definition of poetry, the attribute of a poetic interface should be an aesthetic form which provokes an emotional response through meaning, sound and rhythm. A balance between aesthetics and meaning in a poetic interface should be achieved, in order to create a comprehensive structure. The balance, that is the unity between form and function can be tested through a creation of an evolutionary access interface.
Evolutionary, that is growing shape and behaviour of an a-life populations, fulfils the requirement of aesthetic creation of emotional response – having "sound and rhythm".
Access, namely access to digital content and services, fulfils the requirement of a message carried within the aesthetic form – having a "meaning".

Adaptive systems and communicative profiles
The continuous flow and constantly growing amounts of information overcomes human abilities to process all what is incoming. It is assumed that users of complex systems would wish to use only certain parts of information stream. The adaptive filtering of information can be seen as a possible solution to the problem of information overload. In order to achieve adaptivity, a user representation and a mechanism for user feedback are required. The user representation refers to the user’s information needs in a certain context, whereas the user feedback is the necessary input from the user by means of which the system can adapt to possible changes in those needs.
It is assumed that it can be beneficial to users if their representations possessed by the system will obtain a visible equivalent which could be interactive in real-time. The idea of communicative profiles, so-called "c-profiles" assumes that a-life forms can depict user preference profiles in order to communicate about system states and changes in information. The envisioned interactive role of c-profiles is to be a direct manipulation content access interface, to enable an explicit user feedback and to ensure this way the personalization through adaptation.

INTERACTIVE AND ADAPTIVE ANIMATION SYSTEM
The idea of applying generative art forms in order to deliver personalized poetic-like experiences while accessing information might be realized through the development of an interactive and adaptive animation system. To achieve such aim two conditions have to be fulfilled. The animation must adapt visually and it has to enable direct access to information.
Amongst the existing systems there are examples of evolutionary interactive installations which enable growth of graphical forms,
http://www.genarts.com/karl/, but these are not information access interfaces, and as such they do not enable direct manipulation in terms of information access. Other systems are real-time interactive animations, http://www.web3d.org/vrml/vrml.htm. These enable direct manipulation and information access, but they are not adaptive. The visual forms do not grow over time on purposes of communication about internal system states.
The development of interactive and adaptive animation system as presented in this paper, will progress in two steps. First phase of development aims at creation of evolving forms, which are interactive at a simple level of selection of (voting on) generated graphical forms. Only after estimation of aesthetic value of obtained forms an adaptive information access algorithm will be applied.

"Communicative Profiles", animated representations of personal collections of digital information. A vision of a multi-user interactive board inhabited by a-life populations, Joanna Kabala, June 2000.

ã Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. 2000

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